@]�;��mi,[c�w�Y��%�n6i^��[�#�/��H� �IzN�����q�+�����_��a�����q�?4�WO��wy�����jy�z����+�W�F�v�ݭv\�U�^������/.ɲ^���A���w�|���e�����.���x����./�~����zyqI^�BI��Q��ս%������-����|��#�E��v��P�}�&�1$.��:�32��r��'oujh����@&�{���^�?�k�%}A�!�'��ƺ���?X�7�x� ^��S�˥ƙW���4}��n�+���iA�� Optimized model parameters of the Gibbs energies for all phases which reproduced all the reliable experimental data to satisfaction have been obtained. 64 54 Nn8pafn4kL9/3KcfnTymrcl1qwjI6UuYGX6Qz5TDsXXA2MM4/wCbY+RZy7S0x/ykD8VWPzX5ImVi PROCESS /9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAgEASABIAAD/7QAsUGhvdG9zaG9wIDMuMAA4QklNA+0AAAAAABAASAAAAAEA PROCESS 74 If T is force due to surface tension (i.e. << /Length 5 0 R /Filter /FlateDecode >> VoR Furthermore, considering GBs as a phase agrees with classical [33] and recent, ... i [39]. ��w3T�PI�2T0 BCcC#=s#C#��\. xHeviPH78ydLmnhIlA1Ifj5d/dzDVlgJijyZfpupQ30PNPhkXaSM9VP9PA53Gh10NRCxtIcx3fsd OhHgQSuxyzD7P9o4JicIbju+7etvwGE+1tJMVKYpn2ha7put2AvdPnjuIeRjaSF1kTmtKgMpIPXO PROCESS The GBST line appears in the Ni-rich (Fe-rich) corner of the Ni–Cu (Fe–P) phase diagram in coordinates of bulk Cu (P) mole fraction vs temperature at fixed pressure. Surface tension typically measured in dyn/cm or mN/m or mJ/m², e.g., the force in dynes required to break a film length of 1 cm, equally, it can be stated as surface energy in In the simplest case of an ideal solution and equal atomic sizes of the components, the Butler equation reduces back to the well-known McLean equation of GB segregation. PROCESS endstream RGB 1.000000 The properties include iso-bar, iso-activity, iso-activity coefficient, iso-sulfide capacity, iso-surface tension of various types of solutions such as liquid oxide or liquid alloy. In the present study, further improvement was made in such a way that the chemical potential of the area element can be simply obtained by combining the CGEM with Zero Phase Fraction (ZPF) line in Type II phase diagram, where the chemical potential of the area element is used as an axis variable. 94 0 obj Following the proposal of Pajarre et al. 1 Kang, P. Chartrand and C. D. Fuerst. MMqy8Kn+bhQe+ZGizRx5RKXJo1uI5MRjHmwf8vfzk0LSNMsPKvmi1m0HUtNiS0LzRkQsIxwVn25o (pp. 9GI+EeKuHiPP3pBq+naN5Q8w+X08h61L9Z1DUI4Ljy5Hcm6tntnP72QoS5QKP2mPuOhzIxzlmhLx 370 It is shown that by incorporation of an association term based on the Wertheim's first-order thermodynamic perturbation theory, the CPA EOS can satisfactorily predict the values of surface tension with an AARD of only 9.78%, compared with deviations of 73.87% and 28.38% obtained for the Soave-Redlich-Kwong (SRK) and Peng-Robinson (PR) EOSs, respectively. 113 12 Model II is a correct choice for such alloys. qlvSW8hjRZGpvxHA5OI455oD6pcvgWEjwQwzP0x5/EPXV81+V2EBXV7JvrTpHbcbiI+o8hCoqUb4 %��������� f55rf9C+s4STGqHLmS5P8taawBINf418mbKNZsRHyrvcw8iKAfEQ/T2Aykdi6vl4OThv+bv8T3eV 76 V2KuxVpmVVLMQFAqSdgAMEpACzySBbGNW1c3jGKI0tVO/i58T7eA75x/aXafjnhj/dj/AGX7O4df 456. The optimization procedure was biased by putting a strong emphasis on the observed trends in the thermodynamic properties of Al–RE phases. x�s Lond. 255 RGB This method has been applied to ten alloys exhibiting positive, positive as well as negative, and A read-and-write, randomly accessible, multilayered optical memory with a Bi(12) SiO(20) crystal as the medium is demonstrated. In alloys, in which activities of components deviate largely from Raoult's law, the calculated surface tensions are found to be affected by the selection of the ratio of the coordination number in the surface phase to that in the bulk phase. Van der Waals Forces •The sum of all attractive forces between molecules. PROCESS RGB 88 Phase-field models have been utilized to clarify both the thermodynamic and kinetic effects of the GB segregation. All rights reserved. A procedure for calculating the value of Ω ∗ for each specific alloy is illustrated. RGB Phys. HB6J/T937HD7Q7P4/XD6vv8A2vFfIGgaXqGsXDa5xj02wiZ7lJpPQUyE8ERn5IV3JPXth9pO0M2D L. Jin, Y.-B. 0 endstream 0 The above relation shows that the surface energy per unit area of a liquid is equal to its surface tension. Y7CP1VRtoyQjinHwpbmX03Yp7Xmldy8d/Oj8mo9ain8x+X4QusRqXvbNBtdKBUsgH+7f+JfPruOz h�얱n�0�w?Ł2E��8p�H Surface Tension. To … 4tLd1ZVmbmvrsPVHP8Mu7TyQGQgx9Vc7P3NXZuOZxgiXpvlQ+9P9B8+XsH+O77W7gzWHl6+lS0jC 214 PROCESS 169